Wednesday, October 26, 2005

Kill, policeman, kill, kill...

The obsession of the police with gaining increased "rights" to "shoot to kill" is deeply troubling. According to a number of articles in the UK press over the past couple of days, such as this one in the Independent, their "right" has now been extended beyond suicide bombers. What democratic process was followed to give them this "right" is unclear. What bothers me even more is that I would expect any justification of this to include a catalogue of specific cases (such as cases of "kidnapping, stalking and domestic violence" mentioned in the article) where police have been present but unable to prevent deaths of victims because they couldn't "shoot to kill". I haven't heard of such a catalogue of such cases, I've never seen a police chief interviewed on TV saying how he could have saved someone if he'd been able to allow his firearms officers to shoot. I think people have been watching too much TV.

Then, while I'm back on this topic (of course we remember the catastrophic Menezes shooting as discussed in previous blog entries), the Harry Stanley table-leg case has been in the news again. An inquest verdict of unlawful killing has been overturned, as reported here. What bothers me most about this case is why the police put themselves in a situation where they believed they had no alternative but to shoot someone who they had been told had a sawn-off shotgun. One would have thought their training would have been to do something commonsensical like hide behind a wall until they had sized up the situation.

Thursday, October 20, 2005

Morally bankrupt

I've been heard to remark several times, when in a lather over some issue, that I consider our society to be "morally bankrupt". Nobody has ever challenged me on this, so perhaps they have the same feeling. Maybe what I meant was obvious in the context. On the other hand, we may have had quite different interpretations of the phrase. Perhaps I can use this story about use of the name "Gmail" to illustrate my point. This company Protec, a subsidiary of iiir, which no-one's ever heard of (do a Google search and you get several versions of the name wrangle story before their company website), reckon that because they had an email service "G-mail" (anyone heard of it? is it even available to the general public?), that Google should pay them £25M!!!!!! Google isn't going to. Instead they are going to rename the UK service "Googlemail". For the time being I can keep my gmail address, but perhaps this will eventually have to change. This is a worry for me. It's vital that I receive my emails.

There are a few issues here, the mess of local trademark rules versus global domain names, for example, and the ways of assessing compensation payments. Whole books have no doubt been written on such topics. But the point I want to make is that this company clearly believes they are justified in inconveniencing millions of people in order to try to obtain a windfall of £25M. That is, money they haven't earned. This is what I mean by "morally bankrupt".

When I say "inconveniencing" millions, perhaps I'm not using a strong enough word. In economic terms it would be a cost to millions of people to lose their "gmail" address and have to switch to "googlemail". For iiir/Pronet, this would be an "external" cost. This company could bank their £25M and ignore all the direct and indirect costs to millions of people - which would no doubt exceed £25M. Apart from being unfair this is inefficient for the economy as a whole. And I hate inefficiency almost as much as I hate unfairness. The more efficient the economy is, the less work I have to do to afford the good things in life.

All companies behave this way. It is their raison d'etre to try to maximise their profits, by whatever means the law and society allow them. With everyone being bullied like this day after day, week after week, month after month, year after year, is it any wonder that some start to treat others with the same disdain, the same disregard for fairness? Is it any wonder that it is so difficult to control petty crime and inconsiderate, "loutish" behaviour?

Problem clears!

The problem with Blogger which affected my other blog Cambridge2London, and which I documented, first here, then here, then here and here went away late yesterday evening (i.e. about 12 hours after I noticed it). I can now post to Cambridge2London, and I no longer have to solve a CAPTCHA to do so. Thanks for the comments on my first posting on the issue, but I can't help. All I got was an automated reply to my support request, so I don't even know whether the problem was fixed or just went away. I also don't know whether the inability to post and the need to enter a CAPTCHA to add or amend a post were related, or separate, issues. Sorry I can't help more.

Anyway, at least I can now get blogging!

Wednesday, October 19, 2005

"We're sorry, but we were unable to complete your request." - revisited again

Everything happens the same in IE, and I can't think of any other potential workarounds, so I've raised a support request, which, for future reference, can be done here. There's a known problem with republishing blogs, which I thought I might be hitting, but that one still allows new postings to be added, so is probably not it. Will just have to wait. Grrr! I was in full flow on the inadequacies of the railway service around here, particularly from Cambridge to London!

"We're sorry, but we were unable to complete your request." - revisited

Now I've tried everything - I can re-edit the first entry in my new blog. It requests me to solve (is that correct terminology?) a CAPTCHA but does allow me to update the entry. I did this because I wanted to remove all the links in that first entry, my idea being that these are causing this blog to be interpreted as spam. It didn't make any difference - I still can't create a new blog entry. The idea may be wrong or it may be too late and the blog is somehow blacklisted. Perhaps the CAPTCHA is a red-herring and there is some other problem with adding a second entry to this blog.

The only other thing I can think of doing is trying IE (so far I've done everything in Firefox)...

"We're sorry, but we were unable to complete your request."

I STILL can't publish on my new blog. This is very frustrating. I admit I'm irascible (try to use a new word every day!), but after 15 years producing bomb-proof software, I feel I'm entitled to a lack of tolerance of software faults (and to cover the case where I've done something daft, for me that includes flaws in user instructions). There is 1 new comment added to the Blogger Buzz/Blogger Knowledge "Spam Barriers" article (Oct 18th), and I agree that stopping spam is a jolly good thing, but the fact remains that it's just not working. I don't understand why Cambridge2London has been flagged as spammy, and I don't understand why I fail the CAPTCHA test. Help, somebody!

Cambridge2London

Maybe trying to list "10 Things..." was a bit ambitious. I'll get there in the end! The first 2 (and a bit of inspiration from Going Underground) have shown me that there is enough wrong just with the one rail service from Cambridge to London to justify a blog all of it's own. So I've started it.

Btw "started" is the operative word as when I tried to add a second entry it asked me to do a word verification and then (when I got it right - I got an error message when I got it wrong) told me sorry it was unable to post. Repeatedly, after logoff, reboot etc. Kind of frustrating. I wonder if it could have something to do with this? Maybe it's not working properly. Part of the reason for this post is to see whether or not the problem is confined to my new blog.

Tuesday, October 18, 2005

10 Things... no. 3 Sainsbury's

I've just been to Sainsbury's (if you're outside the UK, Sainsbury's is a leading supermarket, though overtaken over the last 5-10 years by Tesco's as Britain's biggest) and that's reminded me of one organisation that really p***es me off on a regular basis. I'd love to have a good alternative place to shop.

So, Sainsbury's if your reading this, here are 3 things you do that make me want to end a 25 year relationship with you:

1. You push your own brand goods.
Actually, Sainsbury's, I don't really consider a store that can't keep it's shelves properly stocked a quality brand. And in any case, I consider food an experiential good (what isn't?), and want to buy what I consider the best, even if the only discernible difference is in the packaging. Sainsbury's, you are gradually giving me less & less of a choice, and don't think I'm not noticing! You ant an example? Some while ago you stopped stocking I think it was Napoletana(?) grated parmesan cheese, in fact any but your own brand - "Sainsbury's grated Italian hard cheese". Design-free packaging, so really is cool, especially when you're entertaining. And I detect a slight lack of taste. Someday, I'll gear up to grate my own parmesan...

Today, though I wanted to buy spaghetti. You have recently given over 90% of the spaghetti shelf-space to your own brands!! The brand I used to get (Buitoni?) has disappeared, so I'm buying de Cecco in preference to your own. One thing I've noticed with inferior spaghetti is that it doesn't retain its firmness when slightly overcooked - it goes mushy and disgusting. I don't know what de Cecco will be like yet.

Probably just me, but I'm sure everyone has their individual subtle preferences. Who doesn't remember their mother sending them out on an errand and saying, don't get this brand, your father doesn't like it, make sure you get this brand...? Of course, Sainsbury's, you're a food store, so you must know this. So why do you want to force your own brand products down our throats? I'll tell you what I think. I think it's cheaper and easier for you. You don't have to give so much of your profits to those suppliers. They no longer "own" the customer. If you can wean everyone off brands and on to Sainsbury's "own-label", they'd have no reason to go shopping somewhere else because your store is crowded, has long queues at the checkout... In fact, it would be inconvenient for them to do so, as they would then have to learn to like what's available somewhere else, say at Tesco's. The beauty of this game is that all the supermarkets can play it. Once it's difficult for customers to switch, then each supermarket can concentrate on squeezing as much profit as possible out of its captive customers.

2. "Buy 2 for" offers
Sainsbury's, don't you realise how annoying these reduced price for 2 offers are? Luckily I have a freezer so I can buy 2 of something when I only want 1. Even so, I'm sure I waste some of those non-freezer items I'm compelled to buy 2 of. But those people who can't use 2 are effectively subsidising those who can! That is, the little old ladies living on their own with no freezer, are subsidising the rest of us. Another group who probably can't store food very effectively are students. So for Sainsbury's in Cambridge to have so many of these offers is even more crass. Doubly annoying, is that these offers are effectively random (from a customer perspective), and given your inability to keep shelves properly stocked anyway, tend to lead to empty spaces. The whole point of a supermarket is so the shopper can get everything you want in one visit, so what should you do your utmost to avoid? Yes, you've got it, empty shelves! For a saving of 18p on 2 packs, you are about to have an empty space this evening where the McVities Hobnob biscuits should be. Frankly, I'd rather pay an extra 18p than come home without something I want. And I want Hobnobs! So, a practice which alienates customers and is criminally wasteful. Great customer-care!

3. Strategically positioned impulse purchase items
My favourite here is the chewing gum at the one-queue-to-many-cashier checkouts. They may be basket only, but they're the ones I always use. Instead of a flat shelf in front of the cashier where I want to pack my bag, there are sloping trays of chewing-gum. The sticks of gum are bashed up through people packing their bags there anyway and sometimes fall on the floor. This is daft! You inconvenience your customers all the time just to try to sell a few packets of gum!

May I also spell out that the supermarket layout was once, way back in the distant past, designed to allow the customers enough space to move around. Why, then, is it OK to put a few hundred pumpkins in what last week was circulation space? I won't even mention fire regulations. Oops, just done it!

So how does Sainsbury's get away with all this? Simply because they are a de facto monopoly. People shop there because it is there. There are a few smaller food shops in the centre of Cambridge, but the nearest alternative supermarket is a Tesco's a mile away (on Newmarket Road) that is designed for people to drive to - in fact, not really safe to cycle to. I keep meaning to go there just to see if they are playing the same games to squeeze profits as Sainsbury's. Quite probably they are, simply because there is an element of monopoly about every supermarket. Most people probably shop at the most local or convenient supermarket. The business is not about winning customers - competition - but about getting the best sites, and (as I've alluded too) making it difficult for customers to switch.

Is this really so bad? I say it is. We have a number of chains which now monopolise our high streets and "malls" (as the Yanks say). This is degrading our quality of life. All towns are the same. On top of that, buying quality goods is becoming more and more difficult. And what's more, it is inefficient. The only way these monopoly suppliers can increase their profits is to give us, the consumer, less for our money. As we are limited in what we can spend, they give us lower and lower quality goods, and a more and more stressful shopping experience, imposing costs (in terms of stress) on us all, in the hope of selling a stick or two extra of chewing gum. All that ever appears in their books is that extra few pence profit, they don't see the costs of all the annoyance they cause you and I.

What can be done about this? Broadly, if we want to address this problem, there are 2 ways for us to go. We can either insist on competition. We could limit the size of stores, we could ensure leases were low enough for areas to support competing stores of a particular type. We could reserve sites for different food stores, rather than letting the highest bidders - monopolists in different sectors - um, monopolise them.

Or we could regulate the behaviour of these companies. We could restrict own brand goods. Supermarkets are not markets at all. Markets are full of competing businesses. The role of supermarkets should be to offer as much choice as possible, not restrict it. Sainsbury's in Cambridge, for example, gives up some space to CDs, despite the lack of choice on food items I've described (and many other stores selling CDs in Cambridge) - perhaps we could restrict them to selling certain types of goods only. We could ban wasteful "2 for less" offers. And we could force them to internalise costs they don't currently see. I'll write about queuing another time, no doubt, but we could be imaginative: we could regulate these businesses by charging them a cost if the store is too crowded. Then, they could choose to avoid that cost, by, for example, keeping the aisles and circulation areas free. Then they'd see whether it was worth squeezing those few 100 pumpkins into the store.

I'd argue we should do both. We should do what we can to encourage it, but competition can only achieve so much. There is a limit to the number of stores in a given locality. Every store is to some extent a monopoly and should be regulated as such.

If we want a more pleasant, efficient society, that is.

Saturday, October 15, 2005

Why am I writing this blog? revisited, or 10 Things That Have Really Pissed Me Off This Week and What Should Be Done About Them

Trying to be a bit more imaginative with the blog entry titles: "10 Things..." above is an attempt at a takeoff of the Harvard Business School (HBS) style books. Hope you appreciate it! I also just changed the title of the previous entry to a direct quote from Iain M Banks' classic space opera "Consider Phlebas". It's spoken when the young, vibrant Culture civilization encounters the old, god-like, disembodied Dra'Azon. I call this a "space opera", and it is - and very entertaining too - but Banks is also concerned to present a utopian society, the Culture. Exploring such ideas is an important role for fiction, and I detect an upsurge in interest in science fiction. The last "Golden Age" is considered to have been from 1939 through the 1950s, so perhaps a revival is due. This could be a generational thing (or part of a Kondratieff wave). Alternatively, though, it could be because we are on the threshold of social changes as significant as those which swept the world after WWII.

Back to the point: why am I writing this blog? Well, it has a bit to do with my opening remarks. We are at a turning point. But not only that, the economic system which now dominates the world is starting to show its weaknesses. This system has brought tremendous affluence, first to the West (and Japan and later the "tiger economies" of the Far East) in the 20th century and now to more and more of the world - China, India and soon South America and maybe even Africa. As environmental and other problems mount, there is, in my view, a deficit of analysis, no new philosophy to take us forward. Francis Fukuyama struck a chord when he claimed that we had reached the "end of history".

So what are the problems, and how might they be addressed? Well, I'll come to the fact that we're destroying the planet later and consider some more mundane examples. So: 1o Things That Have Really Pissed Me Off This Week:

1. Wagn, a rail company owned by National Express. I'm in Cambridge, UK, which is about 50 miles north of London, so there is a relatively short rail journey between these two key areas of the new UK economy. This Wednesday I went to London for the afternoon & evening, cost £13.85 with a railcard (£25, but I'm a frequent traveller), that's about US$20, if you are outside the UK (can you believe that?). The train on the way to London was delayed by over 1/2 hr - - signal problems etc. etc. - which meant I had to drop part of the point of the trip. And on the way back, there's no train for part of the way. Now this was scheduled train working, which I should have known about before reaching London (or even leaving home) - it wasn't just me, though, no-one else knew. Wagn put up pitifully inadequate notices at King's Cross and Cambridge and made no other attempt to let customers know about the delay. No message on the ticket-machine in the afternoon, no announcement on the platform or the train, no word from the guard on the train, no leaflets on arrival at King's Cross, etc. etc. Suffice to say I arrived back at 00:15 on Thursday instead of 23:11 on Wednesday evening.

Do I get any compensation for what really was a major event in my week? No. Wagn have no incentive either to avoid disrupting journeys or to communicate properly to their customers. Their overriding objective is to maximise their revenues. OK, everyone knows the privatisation of the UK railways was a screw-up, but 10 years later we seem no closer to a workable model. I happen to think there are major advantages in private operation of services such as the railways, but only if an overriding authority ensures that such operation is in the interest of the consumer. This can only be done by:
(a) Ensuring there is effective competition and (or at the very least) or,
(b) Ensuring that operators do not transfer costs to the customers (or other party). Wagn does this in many ways, not just in charging let's just say a full rate, for tickets, whether or not it provides the promised service, and I'll note a few others another time.

2. The RMT union: flashback to Wednesday again, and I'm trying to get to King's Cross after watching England vs Poland in the pub. But the underground system in London is run more in the interests of the staff, who use THEIR monopoly power on many occasions. The passenger, for whose needs the underground system supposedly exists comes behind their interests and of course those of the companies running the network. Anyway, on Wednesday the RMT decided to use their power to stop the Northern Line - without any sort of warning. They claimed this was necessary because of a problem with a safety system on the trains. There was, and most people blame the Underground management for the problem, (hmm, actually it's more complicated - see this Times article, but this blog and the Evening Standard - print edition - blame management) but the problem had been known about for some time and was not severe. Well, I don't know the full ins and outs of this, but what I do know is that there are people whose job it is to rule as to whether it is safe to run the system. It is up to these people to decide whether or not it is worth inconveniencing tens of thousands of passengers, not a handful of drivers.

OK, let's pause here. I happen to think that the future prosperity of the south-east of England and many other areas depends on having an effective public transport system. It's very simple: mass-transit systems are energy-efficient and the cost of energy is just going to carry on going up. It's simple supply and demand economics: the supply of our current fuels is peaking and alternatives are not going to come on stream fast enough. China and India are increasing demand and are very big. Businesses in the future are going to preferentially locate themselves where transport costs are lowest - for themselves and for their employees, whose salaries they have to pay.

On top of that, this area, like other parts of the world, is becoming ever more densely populated, because this is economically efficient (maybe I'll develop this point another time). And road transport just doesn't scale very well. It's fine for certain parts of the journey, but bringing cars the last mile or so from the main road to the front door of your house, your office, or a busy shopping area is just not efficient when thousands of other people are trying to do the same thing.

And, if we're going to have an efficient transport system, it has to be run in the interests of the passengers, not companies providing the service or employees who, when unionised - in what is effectively a monopoly - have great power.

So a large part of my reason for writing this blog is to explore how we can deal with problems such as these. And remember we're only on 2 out of 10. I'll discuss a few more problems with living at the "end of history" later and we'll see what patterns emerge...

Friday, October 14, 2005

"Obviously hopelessly senile."

Alexander Chancellor's column in the Guardian Saturday magazine section has been irritating me for some time now, but this one last weekend has pushed me over the edge.

What particularly annoys me about it? Well, I guess it's the last couple of paragraphs where he basically accuses all politicians of lying (mentioning Straw and Brown). Great sport, of course, so what's my beef with this?

First, this is not debate. Calling someone a liar when you disagree with their point of view is hardly constructive, is it? Instead of a debate about the best way to deal with Iraq (and by extension other abhorrent regimes) we're continually treated to this childish name-calling. Maybe invading Iraq was the right thing to do, maybe it wasn't, given the lack of international support, but I still have an unanswered question. How did those opposing the invasion propose we dealt with Saddam? And by extension other dictatorships? Do we leave them in place? (And by the disjointed, schizoid thinking I keep hearing, would we also refuse to take asylum-seekers from these blighted countries?). If not, then how do we get rid of those, like Saddam, who cut their countries off from the civilized world community?

Second, this assault by the media undermines the political process. Just when we need it. The more I think about the state of the world today, the more I feel a sense of impending crisis. Not only will we be forced to deal with climate change (& the exhaustion of fossil fuel reserves), we also face incredible dangers from the ongoing clash of ideologies. The danger of the next 9/11 is not so much in the event itself (as if that wouldn't be bad enough), but in the reaction. Not much of a catalyst will be required to escalate the ongoing "cold war" with Syria and Iran, with who knows what consequences. Oh, and don't forget, of course, everything is linked. The end of the "age of oil" will exacerbate the already extreme inequalities in the world today, building resentment and making conflicts more likely. I'll write more another time about where I'm coming from.

Third, Chancellor is no better than those politicians he slanders. The article is full of misleading statements, mostly perpetuating recent media myths, which he seemingly hasn't bothered to investigate (and I assume he gets paid for writing this drivel). As I've noted before there is not "more and more... violent crime" in the UK as he asserts (which pretty much undermines the whole article). He also states that: "According to the World Health Organisation, drink and drugs explain why Scotland has the second highest murder rate in western Europe." This doesn't even make sense. In what way is the murder rate explained? (Cause & effect is always tricky, but Chancellor seems to have reached his ripe old age without realising this: 2 possibilities are (1) that high drink & drug consumption directly leads to more murders, in which case, what causes the drinking & drug-taking? Or (2) both behaviour patterns may be caused by a third factor, something about Scotland that causes both high levels of drinking & drug-taking & a high murder rate).

I decided to investigate a little bit further. This Guardian article sheds a bit of light on the matter. It turns out, for example, that in fact the murder figures are entirely distorted by Glasgow. The statistics claim there are 2.33 murders per 100,000 people in Scotland each year. With a population of about 5 million that's about 117 murders. 70 take place in Glasgow. The population of Glasgow is about 630,000 (though that of the surrounding urban area is much higher - I'm assuming the statistic refers to Glasgow itself, as it says it does). Those 630,000 people therefore have a much higher murder rate of over 10 per 100,000 per year(!). That only leaves, though, 38 murders amongst the remaining 4 million+ people in Scotland - less than 1 per 100,000 per year. The Guardian goes on to note that: "Much of the violence is caused by gangs vying to control the city's drugs trade." The article goes on to briefly discuss the policing situation. So, perhaps the cause and effect here is more complicated. Perhaps the relatively high murder rate is caused by the particular culture in parts of Glasgow, not general decadent drinking and drug-taking behaviour. Just perhaps, the solution is NOT to restrict peoples' behaviour. What if, for example, the city's drugs trade was not illegal? Would gangs still vie to control it? The point of all this, of course, is that Chancellor - who clearly is not an expert on the subject - is part of the backlash against the government's proposed liberalisation of drinking laws (in England and I assume Wales).

There's one other interesting point about the data: Finland of all places has the highest murder rate in Europe, but according to the Guardian this is (I love this!): "...attributed to its liberal penal policy, which sees offenders sent to jail only as a very last resort, [whereas] Scotland's rate is put down to the use of alcohol and drugs." Great! Not only should we stop people drinking, we should lock 'em up!! Actually, as this Finnish newspaper article notes, although Finland has a relatively low level of alcohol consumption (by European standards) it does have a problem with "binge-drinking". The plot thickens... Personally, I would like to see 2 things: leave these issues to the experts (perhaps we should respect the study of sociology a bit more, but more about that another time), and don't tell me what to do. It's all too easy to try to solve problems by imposing restrictions on everybody, but will these really address the underlying causes? Who is this buffoon Alexander Chancellor (or David Davis or Tony Blair for that matter) to tell me or anybody else now to live their lives if it's not causing any harm to anyone else?

I've digressed a bit: back to Alexander Chancellor's hypocrisy. He notes (of course!) that Walter Wolfgang was "detained under anti-terrorist powers". Really? For 3 months? No, according to the BBC: "Police later used powers under the Terrorism Act to prevent Mr Wolfgang's re-entry, but he was not arrested." So what is this "detained under anti-terrorism powers" business that we've heard so much about, now from Chancellor? Just pure spin, isn't it? I'm sure if it was the other way round and a politician had said "detained under anti-terrorism powers" in a similar circumstance people like Chancellor would be lining up to call him a liar.

And did Walter Wolfgang even accuse Jack Straw of lying, as Chancellor writes? I'm getting a bit confused here, because I would have thought calling a speaker a liar, as opposed to making a debating point, WAS grounds for ejection from a debate (or even worse from the audience of a set speech) - it is in the House of Commons for example - though Chancellor and his cronies seem to be trying to change that. "Wolfie" seems a bit too nice to have done that, anyway. 5 minutes research (take note, Mr Chancellor) suggests that actually, no, he (probably) didn't. His subscription only article in the Independent is (handily) reprinted here and here. He says he only said the one word "nonsense" (although the Telegraph disagrees - apparently: "There came a cry from the back of the hall: 'That's a lie and you know it.' " [Is there video evidence of exactly what actually happened? Maybe Wolfie is downplaying what he did...].).

So the level of political debate Chancellor has reached in his dotage is to say what he likes, whether it is backed up by the facts or not (hey, it saves doing any work!), while calling anyone he disagrees with - sorry, as long as they are politicians, as other media outlets, corporates etc. would likely sue - liars.

Until a year or so ago, calling a politician a liar was a serious offence, likely to end up in the courts. Michael Howard, as part of his attempt to win an election by dragging politics into the gutter, has colluded with the media to change this. It's open season now. All great fun, no doubt, but the result is that it has become just that bit more difficult for the political process to solve the problems that face us.

Chancellor's column used to be (until the recent Guardian "re-launch") headed "Guide to Age", which makes me kind of worried about growing old myself. Instead of being a font of wisdom in his old age, Chancellor is spouting gibberish.